Intensification Of Globalization And Advancements In Economies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2532 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The intensification of globalization and the advancements in the world of science have not only given birth to new technologies but have also amplified the consumers need for speed. Today, consumers seek fast, less spacious and easily portable devices. This need along with the growing innovation in technology has resulted in the union of the mobile, internet and the PC. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Intensification Of Globalization And Advancements In Economies" essay for you Create order The world market of consumer electronics follows the free market culture which represents tough competition and consumer sovereignty. In the light of the heavy competition faced by mobile phone manufacturers, the strategic plan of such an organization must revolve around innovation, product differentiation and user-friendly technology. Strategic planning is a practice which allows members of an organization to envisage its future and build up the required measures and operations to accomplish that which is desired. (Pfeiffer et al.1986) .Strategic planning is also a practice of defining the standards, rationale, image, operation, goals and purpose of an organization. (Rothwell, 1989) Through the development process, a authority or agency identifies the product it wants to attain through its agenda and the precise way by which it plans to attain these results. In this process an organization not only identifies with its long term goals but also tries and determines the best and mos t efficient approach that could fulfill its aspirations. Strategic planning helps us in answering key questions such as; where do we stand at the moment? How did we come to this point? Where would we like to be? How will we get there? Are we on the right track? And in answering these questions we come to discuss the key elements of strategic planning. SWOT Analysis When discussing where we stand, we are accessing the current situation of our organization. This involves an audit which analysis internal and external factors that affect the performance of any organization. This analysis is known as the SWOT analysis which identifies the possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats present for the organization (the former two being internal where as the latter being external). When talking about strengths, a mobile phone manufacturer and retailer has many in terms of marketing, service system, reliability, quality, finance, location and an overall good brand image. As an organization operating in a market which is at the verge of reaching the point of saturation, the provision of good quality customer care is vital. An impressive marketing plan which helps create a brand image, reliability and brand loyalty are a few strengths which our organization enjoys. In the weaknesses one cannot help but include the financial difficulties our organization faces in keeping up to date with the latest machinery and training of the workforce. Great opportunities lie in the department of research and development which will lead to diversification in the product portfolio. The global industry of our product can be placed on the growth element of the business cycle. This will allow us to operate in more than the few countries we currently operate in and dig out new uses from the mobile phone. One of the major threats surrounding our organization is due to the current world recession, which has led to the fall in the general standard of living for many and the rise in production costs. Another threat is that caused by the changes in demographic trends and rapid changes in tastes and fashion which results in products and technologies becoming obsolete. The SWOT analysis helps provide a clear cut picture of where the organization stands and where it could be. It is brief however one can not overlook the fact that if it is being ma de by an employee of the organization it might be subject to bias. Situational Analysis While analyzing the current situation of the organization, the managers and strategic planners are in reality listing down and determining the strategies and objectives for the organizations future. The organization is affected, not only by internal factors but when making any sort of decision it also takes into account the external factors. Situational analysis involves the study of external factors such as the markets, competition, technology, supplier markets, labor markets, they economy etc. Studying the environment on an internal as well as an external level gives the organization a great opening to identify with the threats and the opportunities surrounding it. Where we stand today is a result of our planning and dedication in the past. With the hopes and positive aura produced by our achievements, there is also the fear of being victimized by the paralysis by analyzing. Paralysis by analysis is that the failure of managers to carry out important decisions due to fixation wit h meetings, producing reports, and collecting figures for analysis. Paralysis of effective decision making in organizations can occur when there is level disagreement, disparity between different hierarchical levels, or vague objectives. (qfinance.com) This can also result from the difficulty created by the situation at hand or the inability to take risks due to over thinking and excessive planning rather than acting. However regular stress checks, training programs and conferences help keep our organizations work force intact. Conferences regarding latest technological trends and consumer preferences will also help freshen and broaden the view of our workforce enabling them to innovate and stylize technology. Vision and Mission When discussing the question of where our organization wants to be, we come face to face with one of our most major objectives, which is to become the leading providers of mobile solutions. Under this element of the process of strategic planning we develop certain objectives for the organization. These are basically aims and goals that the organization wishes and strives to achieve. For us these goals can revolve around technology (better touch screens, availability of office software in our mobile software, easier and user friendly graphical interface), better skilled workforce, better trained managers, efficient distribution of resources, better marketing strategies (more captivation ad campaign) and so on and so forth. (business dictionary.com) In this element an organization also develops a vision and a mission. A mission statement is a sentence describing a companys function, markets and competitive advantages; a short written statement of your business goals and philosophi es. (entrepreneurship.com). A mission statement basically states what the organization stands for, what is the purpose of its existence, who are the targeted customers, the entire product range and also the location (geographical) on which the organization operates. A vision statement on the other hand is an inspiring portrayal of what an organization would like to attain or complete in the mid or long run. It is proposed to serve as an apparent point for choosing present and future routes of action. (qfinance.com) However when planning out the goals, missions and visions one has to make sure that they are realistic, time bound, measurable and specific. If they are vague and far from reality, that is they are financially or in terms of managing skills, impossible to achieve then the result is wastage of resources. Strategy and Tactics Next the organization must set its strategy which is the medium it will adopt in the long run for the fulfillment of the objectives that the company has set out for itself. These are often carefully thought of and well integrated. A successful strategy is one that allows the organization to achieve all of its aspired goals without going over budget. Moreover a strategy is successful if the results it produces are of quality and are beneficial in the long run. Many organizations in the hope of better results, follows a particular tactic of breaking down its objectives into smaller targets for different divisions of the work force. However there are those (managers and supervisors) who implement and keep a check on the overall application of the strategies. (tutor2u.net) Effective communication forms part of the foundation which leads to the achievement of the objectives. Thankfully our organization has a very impressive communication system. Keeping regular meetings and conferenc es can boast up the morale of the workforce as these forums remind them of the particular role that they are playing (clarification of job objectives) and how it helps in the generation of the greater picture, which is the overall running of the entire organization. This part of the planning process basically answers short term questions like; what is to be done? What is the method being used? Who is responsible? When is it to be completed? These are usually short run tasks like collection of statistics or creation of a database and are usually headed by the head of that particular department. The hierarchal system followed by the organization also has a great impact on the overall performance of the company. The most ideal form of hierarchy (that our organization must also follow) is the line workers managed by the lime manager who is headed by the head of the department. In this the gap between the upper and the lower class workers is not that wide. Hence the morale of the work ers is high and the work environment is friendly resulting in a more efficient and eager work force. Monitor and control The last part of the procedure calls for monitoring and controlling which revolves around the act of keeping a check if the company is heading on the right track. It is to make sure that the strategies are working, the budget is carefully managed, the work force is efficient, the resources are being utilized productively and the managers have no lost track of the companys objectives. Obtaining feedback is a great way to inquire about the former issues and since our organization has a very impressive communication system collecting feedback will not be an issue. Feedback not only helps us inquire about what we want but also helps locate if there is any hindrance in any other part of the organization. Feedback can be collected in the form of group discussions or one to one talks or even by simply keeping a comment box. Another very vital factor that falls here is that of consumer feedback. Conducting a market analysis will allow us to ensure that the consumers have achieved what they desired and expected from the product. Well also learn of the features that they would want a mobile phone to have and also the problems they face in operating them. Consumer feedback will allow us to go over the matter externally. When both internal and external feedbacks have been collected, the results of these will be compared to the initial goal that was set. Now the organization can measure its performance and locate the errors and mismanagement which will then be subject to correction. Other ways of measuring the performance of your organization is through the financial conditions and also through employee satisfaction levels. In this part of the procedure the managers usually come across with a number of errors, big and small. When needed by modifying the plan, strategies and tactics and by taking corrective action we will ensure that the organization stays determined on its course in order to fulfill its objectives and goals. The results from this years plan will be fed in the next and will allow gaining a competitive edge. This will allow a great flow of information and experience. It will cut costs too, increase efficiency and enable us to fix errors as soon as they are detected instead of waiting for the end of the business year. Other types of analysis that can form part of your strategic plan are the PEST analysis which is the Political, Economical, Sociological and Technological analysis, STEER analysis which is the Socio-cultural, Technological, Economical, Ecological and Regulatory factors, EPISTEL which is the Environment, Political, Informatics, Social, Technological, Economic and Legal analysis. Over the years there has been much advancement in technology. The pace at which science has progressed in the last ten years is remarkable and never before had it been so fast and innovative in its inventions and discoveries. Today technologies such as MMS, GPRS, WAP, GSM, high resolution cameras are common in almost all the mobile phones being introduced. This technological breakthrough has impacted most of the strategies and management tactics of most of the companies especially those operating in the field of consumer electronics. Technology changes the way we do business. Technology has intensified everything that surrounds the business from the attractiveness of the market to the power of the buyers, strength of the new entrants, fear of better substitutes, power of the suppliers and the magnitude of competition. This technological revolution has also magnified the need for skilled labor. Therefore training and conducting workshops has become an essential part of every organizations plan. Every organization tries to sieve out the best of the best and then dedicates itself to train the work force for promising results. Another very important concept that in importance surpasses all the others is that of cost cutting. The consumers want the latest bit of technology at a reasonable price. The world recession has drowned the standard of living for many around the globe and therefore to keep up to date with the increased competition in every field of life, the need for affordable technology has magnified. The best that our organization can keep on the right track and at a good pace is by producing user friendly, comprehensive, affordable and stylish mobile phones. Also the branding and marketing should be planned out according to the targeted markets (in our case this is the segment of the business running professionals). Another very important tactic is that of diversifying into the market. Our organization can branch out into the production of personal computers and laptops to strengthen its roots in this business. The only way that the former statements and suggestions can be brought out into practice is through effective management. Effective and planned out management of the resources at hand can lead any organizations to the highest peaks of success. A good manager guides and supervises for the sake of success not for the boasting of authority and control, he or she refrains from intervention except at times when deviation is clearly evident, he or she never loses their focus from the strategic goals of the company, they allow a free flow of feedback and make their subordinates feel comfortable in the work place, they dont monitor on a macro level rather on a micro one so they know exactly what is going on, also they focus and work hard to avoid being victimized by the paralysis through analysis. Today the entire industry of consumer electronics is in a tight struggle to win over the competition. Everyday new mobile phone companies are emerging and therefore we require a great amount of resistance to survive the tough times. No matter how well established and successful a company is, without a good strategic plan, efficient management, skilled workforce, up to date technology, flexible operation styles, financial strength, imagination and creativit y and a good market understanding, it can come crashing down on its knees. Therefore to make a mark a company should have the good sense to avoid its threats, overcome its weaknesses, make good use of its strengths and grab its opportunities.

The Negative Effects Of Internet Essay - 2505 Words

The negative effects of Internet Nowadays, Internet become the most important thing in real life of each person because people can use the social network such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Youtube to communicate with each other.The fact is that most of people know how to use Internet from children to adult. The most common technology devices these days are tablet, computer, laptop, and smartphone. They like it because they can do whatever they want on the Internet with these devices. Besides communicating, people also use Internet to listen music, watch movies or films, and play video games. The social networks is created to help connect people with someone who far away or making new friends. Social networking will become the most helpful thing if people know how to use it in the right way. However, there are many negative effects from Internet to people. What is the negative effects of Internet to teenagers? In fact, besides the advantages of social networking, there are many disadvantages about using social network like Internet addiction, cyberbullying and miscommunicate with the world. Most of the suicide case of students relate with cyberbullying. Indeed, cyberbullying is one of the most dangerous thing which affects negatively to Internet users. Teenagers should be careful when making friends with unknown people on social Tran 2 networks and should try to avoid talking with them. Internet contains many negative effects like cyberbullying, virtual world, andShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of The Internet911 Words   |  4 PagesThe world wide web otherwise called the internet came about in the 1960s and was primary used for researchers and academia. But since the 1990s, the internet has had that revolutionary effect on the culture and commerce in our society. This includes communication by email, instant messaging, internet phone calls. In addition, there is also the world wide web with discussion forums, social networking sites, and online shopping sites which several amount of people, despite their generation have utilizedRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Internet885 Words   |  4 Pageshile the internet can be useful for some aspects of our lives, it also has negative effects on todays youth. It seems as if everyday technology is advancing to make our lives simpler. As it continues advanc ing to assist us, its taking away from important aspects of our lives. There are some reasons why the internet has negative effects towards our society. In todays society we do more more virtual communication rather than face to face communication. This is due to the internet and social mediaRead MoreInternet Negative Effects891 Words   |  4 PagesThe Internet is a technology that has negative impacts on our daily lives. It has changed aspects of our life for the last 50 years, and it has demonstrated the considerable influence on people’s lives. Almost 3.2 billion people in the world use the internet. The Internet has gained acceptance across the globe, and it has also become central to the critical changes experienced in today’s society. Some of the changes are social isolation, health disorder, a lack of privacy and internet addiction.Read MoreNegative Effects Of The Internet1229 Words   |  5 PagesJake Njootli MMC 110 23 September 2017 Negative impact of Internet convenience on its users The convenience the Internet provides in our daily lives is having an adverse impact on its users. Being able to socialize, shop, and access incredible amounts of information at the press of a button has swiftly changed the dynamics of society in the last 20 years. This sudden development of being able to manage our lives through the Internet has negatively affected those who rely on it too much. ConsumersRead MoreNegative Effects Of Internet Addiction808 Words   |  4 PagesNegative Effects of Internet Addiction Currently, people utilize the internet frequently a lot of type of internet addiction. Some youngsters, however, are addicted to the internet. They spend more time playing online games and watching TV shows on the internet, which means they stop going outside with their friends and even if stop going to schools. Internet should benefit people. But a number of people are controlled by internet. In other words, internet addiction will influence people in someRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Internet Dependency1235 Words   |  5 Pages An Argumentative Essay on the Negative Effects of Internet Dependency How much mental capacity does an individual have? Cognitive physiologists have found that the length of a memory depends on how it is encoded. Encoding is the process in which information is computed and stored in the long term and working memory. Long term memory has an extremely large capacity and is able to hold information for months or even years, while working memory is very closely related to what we refer to as attention;Read MoreNegative Effects Of Internet Censorship791 Words   |  4 PagesInternet censorship is controlling the content that can be viewed on the internet. It is all around us and you may not even realize that you have encountered it, whether it has been at school or work. In school, you are not allowed to access certain websites and search results may be filtered. Schools do this to keep harmful content from the students, but it also limits research. When you are at work, your employer does not want you looking at inappropriate websites or things that may distract youRead MoreThe Negative Effect of the Internet on Children776 Words   |  3 PagesIt is researched that the internet has both negative and positive effect on children. According to the kaver S, Robert E, Patricia M, Galerie J and Colette B on internet and children, the use of computer is more of disadvantage than advantage. It is of good benefit for children to know how to use the computer for educational purposes, which may include surfing educational articles and school homework. The effect of children not having access to home computer can vary depending on the personalityRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Internet On Youth997 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Effects of the Internet on Youth â€Å"The internet has been a boon and a curse for teenagers†. This quotation by author, JK Rowling is really the basis of my paper. Rowling acknowledges that the internet is a blessing for teenagers to have. Which is very true; the internet is incredibly useful in many ways. It is an infinite wealth of information, a convenient communication tool, and makes completing school work easier than ever. However, in addition to noting that the internet can be aRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Internet Addiction1134 Words   |  5 Pages The internet can change the life. Peoples lives are becoming more and more efficient, especially after the development of the Internet. Nowadays, internet addiction is beginning to spread among people, especially for people who do not have enough self-control and cognitive power. People tend to indulge on the internet, cut off the connection with the real society, and make the distance between people more and more far away. More terrible things are disorders will be born due to internet addiction

Does media violence lead to the real thing free essay sample

The vieod game have been around since the ninety fiffys but the The Magnavox Odyssey was the first video game home console, released in 1972. and the television was devoplment in 1925 and married the idea of movies all of these inventions have help our shape our world in to what it is today we are rappily getting more into technology . we cant wake up and check the news without some thing bad happing everyday as we get more advance so does the vieod games and televiosn show as a society we base our new trends everone wants a piceice so it getting hard for parent to control their today they litteary have the world at their finger tips. Kids look up to people as their heors it getting less and less that their role models are their parents its more super heros like batman the hulk spiderman ect . media vilonce is catgorgize in different areas frist vieod games have a lot to do with violence kids are obbesssed with the idea of zombies and grand theft auto all its teaching kids that its okay to kill as long you fishish the oject in the game ,  but thats great but as soon as they put down the game controller and they go out in the real world on to the playground or at school if they come in conflict with other children more likey children will react with violence and they use the moves they seen either on their favorite television show or better yet the vionce vieod they were playing or someone eles was playing I know that we cant espace all viloce in this world but we can morroit it . We will write a custom essay sample on Does media violence lead to the real thing? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But it can be so easy to get caught up in the day to day work it so easy to turn on the tv and let it intertante the kids we dont actually sit their and wacth or play with the kids we are contradicting ourselves . in this article does media violence lead to the real thing ? the authoer make a good point by saying ive smoked cigaretts for along time, and I dont have lung cancer. The author are showing contrast between the ideas of they know that having smoking is bad for them but they crave the taste its hard for them to stop but they are also conroding their action they know in the long run it can cause cancer but it worth the risk for the moment of pure pleaurse . as a child I grew up with two other siblings but I always wacth them play with super ninteod like games like Mario donkey koney and as my brother grew with the teleony we was obbesed with zomblies and resdent evil so as techonly advance so does the  game get beter graphics and more blood . As a society both men and women are raied with different sterotypes boys are taught that to be strong and and slient and women are suppose to be careing submassive the big truth here it doesnt matter where you come what up bring you have it matter how much you expose your child to world in which we live in it to asked the question is really affining my childin power ful maybe its time took to take a step back and check what you kids are watching or playing they will not like it but your only helpin them in the long run

Planned Parenthood - Argumentative free essay sample

Recently, the federal government is trying to pass the Pence Amendment, which would eliminate funding to these institutions. The federal government needs to realize how important Planned Parenthood Clinics are too numerous individuals and the struggles that such people will face if the organization is demolished due to extreme lack of funding. Without these clinics, many individuals will be left stranded, and most likely, susceptible to declined health, due to the loss of early screenings and treatments that will no longer be available to them at a rate they can manage financially. Planned Parenthood is a predominantly government funded establishment that provides free or heavily discounted medical education, prescriptions, and procedures in regards to sexual diseases and pregnancies to all who inquire. If the organization is not funded, it is taken from predominately low socioeconomic households and minors. As stated in Teague’s article, â€Å"†¦75 percent of people who use Planned Parenthoods’ services are at or below the poverty level† (5), and the few with money are using the government funded crowded establishment Planned Parenthood. This is one of the reasons that cuts would be so devastating. As reported by National Right to Life News, â€Å"legislators were three times more responsible to high-income constituents than middle-income constituents and were the least responsive to the needs of low-income constituents† (fairvote 5). This is another case where it will be the poor that will endure the hardship. It is much easier to cancel a free service when those without money, ergo power, are the main people who will suffer. In addition to taking away the availability of health provisions, this mendment will be taking away millions of jobs nationwide. Within each of these clinics are multiple employees ranging from customer service attendants to doctors. There are more than 880 health centers nationwide and several administrative offices across the country (Planned Parenthood 2). Are not we supposed to be focusing on making jobs available within our nation? Taking away countless jobs will damage this nation instead of benefit it. It will cause more suffering, which is what Planned Parenthood is trying to eliminate. The eliminating of funds to clinics will cause many to go without preventative care such as contraception. If people no longer have access to birth control, the population rate will continue to rise. When the government takes away funding, and therefore, birth control, unplanned births will happen and with that additional fees that the government will have to cough up. Sure, you save money up front when defunding Planned Parenthood but in the long run you are causing a bigger problem. As Groff states, â€Å"Family planning is a regular part of women’s health, every $1 spent on family planning saves $4. It is fiscally responsible† (1). With unwanted pregnancies, come unwanted children or children for whom we are not prepared for which go into foster care as well as becoming wards of the state which is directly paid for by the government or families dependent on other government subsidies. Overall, the government will be creating a bigger problem instead of embracing the benefits Planned Parenthood clinics provide to individuals everywhere. Although Planned Parenthood is mostly associated with abortion services that is not what they promote or advertise. For years, they have been all about educating the youth on the risks of participating in sexual activities as well as providing many different kinds of preventative care. Education is extremely important and valued in this country. Taking away funding to an institution that promotes and instills protection and planning is not going to help our youth become well and more aware individuals. It is the educational materials such as pamphlets, magazines, and medical journals, as well as the educated staff that the clinics provide, in which are exceedingly important in keeping our citizens safe. When funding goes away, those important services and amenities go away but the actual sexual activities do not. This leaves us in a much more risky environment with fewer resources. In addition to the clinics providing education they go further and provide counseling for all aspects of topics. An individual can rest assured knowing there is always someone they can talk to and confide in when they don’t know where else to turn. Also, the counselors provide a release for those individuals that have suffered abuse and need assistance. With all these valuable services, it is not clear why our government would do anything to hinder this organization when it is obviously helping so many people every day. It makes you wonder what could be of greater importance than all of this that would lead supporters to banning this great organization. Supporters of the bill that would banish funding for Planned Parenthood are guided by their beliefs that the organization generates activities of sin and creates sinners. They are motivated by their religious views that abortion is an unforgivable sin and those that partake in or make abortions accessible are sinners. They are attacking Planned Parenthood because it is the main provider of abortions every year. According to B. A. Robinson, there has been over $13 million in damage caused by violent anti-abortion groups since 1982, in over 150 arson attacks, bombings, and shootings† (4). While they are correct in this fact, they are not taking in all that Planned Parenthood is. While they focus on the abortion services the clinics provide, they ignore the many incredible things they offer aside from abortions. They don’t realize that by taking away Planned Parenthoods funding, they are also taking away the preventative measures they provide in order to try and eliminate the need for abortions. The benefits of Planned Parenthood deserve the federal funding that is given to them. The amount of lives that are positively affected not only outweighs the financial drain of the organization, but should be what federal money goes towards if it goes towards anything that helps people.

Shakespeare Genius or Overrated Essays - William Shakespeare

Shakespeare: Genius or Overrated? Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the most important writers to ever have lived, if not the most important one. And not just in England, but across the majority of the world. In his time, Shakespeare was regarded as a great storyteller and he was incredibly popular. It did not matter what class you were in, all people could come and enjoy a play by William Shakespeare because he spoke to the common man. Centuries later, we still study him because his stories still resonate today. His compelling characters and diverse stories are still some of the most well written illuminations of the human experience. Shakespeare wrote for the people. And today, all people will have read a Shakespeare play. But I first hand have seen the argument against Shakespeare, especially when I was a high school student. Every time the teacher announced we would read a Shakespeare play next, there was always an audible groan. Many teenagers, and adults for that matter, feel they cannot connect to Shakespeare because of the language. But every year my classmates would rediscover that they could in fact understand Shakespeare's stories. When we read Henry V, every army brat in the room left with the "Band of Brothers" speech memorized. Most girls in the room related to the teen angst of Romeo and Juliet. People who had been cheated on or betrayed felt a strong connection to Othello. And our senior year, reading Hamlet seemed to make us all rethink our futures and who we wanted to be in the next chapters of our lives. So yes, while the difference in language can initially

Mark Twain Essays - English-language Films, Picaresque Novels

Mark Twain Essays - English-language Films, Picaresque Novels Mark Twain In his famed novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain writes a classic American adventure story, complete with moral dilemmas, the theme of an individual against society, and the proverbial journey into maturity. However, the focus of his book is not on the adventure itself, but rather on the pseudo father-son relationship that springs up between Jim and Huck during their pilgrimage down the Mississippi. Huck, an uncivilized, pragmatic child, has had little if any controlling influence in his life. His father Pap is an abusive alcoholic who kidnaps him in the beginning of the novel, setting the scene for his disappearance and the ensuing journey. Huck meets Jim, an escaped slave, and accepts him as a companion, as they are both running for their freedom. However, Huck still sees Jim as a slave, a piece of property, rather than a human. This changes as the two journey down the Mississippi River, becoming dependent on each other, one filling both a practical ! and emotional need of the other. This bond begins to fade from view as the book strays from Huck and Jim with the introduction of the Duke and the Dauphin, and gets progressively further from view towards the end of the book. Eventually, When Twain re-introduces Tom in the end of the novel, he removes Huck and Jim?s relationship as the focus of the book and thereby dilutes his message. Huck and Jim begin their travels together as two very different people running in the same direction, yet end as the closest of friends. In the beginning, Huck and Jim stay together out of need because Jim needs a white person to run with to avoid being captured as a slave, and Huck is lonely by himself. Running together, they gradually become good friends, but their camaraderie is not cemented until they are separated and later reunited in chapter fifteen. In this chapter, the two are separated in a dense fog near Cairo, their destination, where the Ohio river joins the Mississippi. After many hours, Huck finally makes his way back to the raft, which he finds with one broken oar and covered with debris. Jim is sleeping, and Huck, still in a childish state of mind, decides to play a joke on Jim by pretending that he was never lost. He pretends to wake up next to Jim, who is overjoyed to see him, and convinces him that the whole episode was a dream. When Jim finally rea! lizes that Huck is fooling him, he admonishes him sharply for it, "?my heart wuz mos' broke bekase you wuz los', en I didn' k'yer no' mo' what become er me en de raf'. En when I wake up en fine you back agin, all safe en soun', de tears come, en I could a got down on my knees en kiss yo' foot, I's so thankful. En all you wuz thinkin' 'bout wuz how you could make a fool uv ole Jim wid a lie. Dat truck dah is TRASH; en trash is what people is dat puts dirt on de head er dey fren's en makes 'em ashamed." (Twain, 109) It is here that Jim?s association with Huck?s really becomes paternal, for Jim?s words are those of a responsible father whose son has acted shamefully. Jim?s words have a profound affect on Huck, who realizes that Jim is a person, and that his feelings can be hurt. Regardless of his former friendship with Jim, he still considered him a lowly slave until then. In the early 1800?s in the South, blacks were slaves, and the social order was accepted. Most people thought nothing of black rights, they were considered property. As Huck states, "I was stealing a poor old woman's nigger that hadn't ever done me no harm?"(Twain, 271) Twain?s installation of Jim as a symbolic father for Huck is a rejection of this sentiment, in that he sees Jim as a person, and a far better one than Huck?s real father who, despite his white skin, never treated Huck as a good father should. Pap seems to typify the whites in this story, most of whom are ethically barren in one way or another. The Duke and

Isabella Linton, strong or weak character of the novel Wuthering Essay

Isabella Linton, strong or weak character of the novel Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte - Essay Example Her initial character weaknesses are naivety and childishness. These are manifest, later on, in her impetuous decision to marry. Of course, given her relatively tender age, eighteen at the time, these character traits are not as weak as they would be in an adult with more experience. Her experience, it must also be noted, does not extend much, if at all, beyond Thrushcross Grange. It must also be conceded that Ellen presents some positive attributes. Isabella, for instance, is naà ¯ve and a bit foolish, but she is not stupid. Quite the contrary, she has a clever wit and deep feelings. In short, Isabella is neither weak nor strong in the very beginning; however, her weaker traits, such as an infantile-like impetuousness, are dominant. These traits foreshadow a mistake in judgment. Indeed, with her marriage to Heathcliffe, this is precisely what happens. Later, when Isabella becomes infatuated with Heathcliffe, her foolishness becomes her dominant character trait to the exclusion of all other traits. Catherine teases and warns her about wanting to be with Heathcliffe. Isabella responds by stating that, â€Å"I wont be always sent off!†, and that â€Å"You are a dog in the manger, Cathy, and desire no one to be loved but yourself!† (Wuthering Heights). The facts are irrelevant for Isabella. She is jealous and desirous. Here, Isabella’s impetuous character speeds her demise and exacerbates her powerlessness. She concludes one particular rant by stating that, All, all is against me: she has blighted my single consolation. But she uttered falsehoods, didnt she? Mr. Heathcliffe is not a fiend: he has an honorable soul, and a true one, or how could he remember her?† (Wuthering Heights). It is true that Catherine is not disinterested in Heathcliffe; however, her advice and her warnings are sound and reliable. Isabella refuses to listen because she succumbs to the

Current HR Practices and Insights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Current HR Practices and Insights - Essay Example The article shows that inadequate practices applied by OBM management led to lack of skills and knowledge among employees. A special attention is given to assessment, creation and sharing of information and knowledge. The authors state that learning strategies are formalized and structured by the goals, activities and culture of the work practice, just as learners' experiences in educational institutions are structured by those institutions' cultures of practice. Workplaces are often highly contested, with access to the activities and guidance required for learning not being uniformly distributed. Opportunities to participate may be distributed on the basis of factors such as workplace cliques, affiliations, gender, race, language or employment standing and status. Indeed, it could be suggested that, rather than being unstructured, workplace learning experiences are structured by too many factors. Instead, the kinds of activities engaged in by individuals and the support and guidance they can access in the workplace from other workers will influence the quality of learning at work. In this way, much of the knowledge required for demanding vocational practice can be learnt through work. The article provides a clear and detailed description of the situation and allows readers to concentrate on the best practices and solutions proposed by IBM team. There is long-standing evidence of the efficacy of learning in the workplace. Prior to the establishment of vocational colleges and universities, most people learnt their vocations through their work. The evidence also suggests that workers have long produced goods and provided services with limited technology and in ways that have required understanding and robust (transferable) procedures developed through their work. The products and services of craft and other workers require combinations of creativity and functionality. Many of the world's great buildings, such as the castles, churches and cathedrals of Europe, were built by workers whose vocational practice was developed through participation in their craft (Becker 1993). The article "Organizational Learning" by D. Cayla describes the role of permanent changes and its impact on environmental interactions. the author argues that learning takes place on the job and is structured, with supervisors having the responsibility for developing the work-related knowledge of their subordinates. Much of what apprentices learn during their three- or four-year indenture is also a product of engagement in everyday work practice. This learning often generates capabilities that are transferable across tasks and situations. Learning in the workplace cannot, therefore, be described as concrete-fixed and embedded inextricably in the circumstances of its acquisition. Instead, at least some of what is been learnt in workplaces is transferable to other situations. Learning can be independent and interdependent, with the latter probably best able to be achieved through guidance rather than direct teaching. It is also inaccurate to characterize workplace learning as concrete. Learning in any environment will be more or less transferable, depending on the quality of learning processes experienced (Bateman and Snell 2004). Therefore, the same claims about the structure,

Technology Evaluation and Recommendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Technology Evaluation and Recommendation - Essay Example Threats on their part can take up multiple flavors ranging from sabotage, deliberate espionage, leakage, or information extortion. As is evident with the virility of information technology as the contemporary means of capturing and storing information, it is important that access control systems should exist to protect information and information technology systems. Access control is one of the most sensitive aspects when it comes to computer and computer systems’ security. Access control refers to any mechanism that controls or provides a form of verification to guarantee information’s protection from inappropriate access or unauthorized use. Collectively, access control methods serve two purposes; controlling modification, and controlling the disclosure of information from threats. In computer security, a threat is any agent that may breach the confidentiality or interfere with the integrity of information or information systems. Threats on their part can take up multiple flavors ranging from sabotage, deliberate espionage, leakage, or information extortion. As is evident with the virility of information technology as the contemporary means of capturing and storing information, it is important that access control systems should exist to protect information and information technology systems. Social engineering occurs when a user is manipulated to trick a person into weakening a component of the system itself. One of the biggest dilemmas with social engineering is the fact that a hacker can obtain critical information via personnel relationships. This can be chaotic and cause many in adverse issues. Another method that plagues the dilemma of social engineering is pretexting. Pretexting occurs when a hacker calls an IT personnel for instance and give scenarios that will allow a hacker to have a perception for hacking. Another risk that seems to be prevalent in user domain accounts that correlated with human mistakes is the fact that it

The Bank of England Monetary and financial stability

The Bank of England Monetary and financial stability The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the Old Lady of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UKs financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy. The Bank of England exists to ensure monetary stability and to contribute to financial stability. The Bank of England has been issuing banknotes for over 300 years. During that time, both the notes themselves and their role in society have undergone continual change. From todays perspective, it is easy to accept that a piece of paper that costs a few pence to produce is worth five, ten, twenty or fifty pounds. Gaining and maintaining public confidence in the currency is a key role of the Bank of England and one which is essential to the proper functioning of the economy. Core Purpose 1 Monetary Stability Monetary stability means stable prices and confidence in the currency. Stable prices are defined by the Governments inflation target, which the Bank seeks to meet through the decisions delegated to the Monetary Policy Committee, explaining those decisions transparently and implementing them effectively in the money markets. The first objective of any central bank is to safeguard the value of the currency in terms of what it will purchase at home and in terms of other currencies. Monetary policy is directed to achieving this objective and to providing a framework for non-inflationary economic growth. As in most other developed countries, monetary policy operates in the UK mainly through influencing the price at which money is lent, in other words the interest rate. The Banks price stability objective is made explicit in the present monetary policy framework. It has two main elements: an annual inflation target set each year by the Government and a commitment to an open and accountable policy-making regime. Setting monetary policy deciding on the level of short-term interest rates necessary to meet the Governments inflation target is the responsibility of the Bank. In May 1997 the Government gave the Bank operational independence to set monetary policy by deciding the short-term level of interest rates to meet the Governments stated inflation target currently 2%. Core Purpose 2 Financial Stability Financial stability entails detecting and reducing threats to the financial system as a whole. Such threats are detected through the Banks surveillance and market intelligence functions. They are reduced by strengthening infrastructure, and by financial and other operations, at home and abroad, including, in exceptional circumstances, by acting as the lender of last resort. One of the Bank of Englands two core purposes is monetary stability. Monetary stability means stable prices low inflation and confidence in the currency. Stable prices are defined by the Governments inflation target, which the Bank seeks to meet through the decisions taken by the Monetary Policy Committee. A principal objective of any central bank is to safeguard the value of the currency in terms of what it will purchase. Rising prices inflation reduces the value of money. Monetary policy is directed to achieving this objective and providing a framework for non-inflationary economic growth. As in most other developed countries, monetary policy usually operates in the UK through influencing the price at which money is lent the interest rate. However, in March 2009 the Banks Monetary Policy Committee announced that in addition to setting Bank Rate, it would start to inject money directly into the economy by purchasing assets often known as quantitative easing. This means that the instrument of monetary policy shifts towards the quantity of money provided rather than its price. Low inflation is not an end in itself. It is however an important factor in helping to encourage long-term stability in the economy. Price stability is a precondition for achieving a wider economic goal of sustainable growth and employment. High inflation can be damaging to the functioning of the economy. Low inflation can help to foster sustainable long-term economic growth. Monetary Policy Framework The Banks monetary policy objective is to deliver price stability low inflation and, subject to that, to support the Governments economic objectives including those for growth and employment. Price stability is defined by the Governments inflation target of 2%. The remit recognises the role of price stability in achieving economic stability more generally, and in providing the right conditions for sustainable growth in output and employment. The Governments inflation target is announced each year by the Chancellor of the Exchequer in the annual Budget statement. The 1998 Bank of England Act made the Bank independent to set interest rates. The Bank is accountable to parliament and the wider public. The legislation provides that if, in extreme circumstances, the national interest demands it, the Government has the power to give instructions to the Bank on interest rates for a limited period. The inflation target The inflation target of 2% is expressed in terms of an annual rate of inflation based on the Consumer Prices Index (CPI). The remit is not to achieve the lowest possible inflation rate. Inflation below the target of 2% is judged to be just as bad as inflation above the target. The inflation target is therefore symmetrical. If the target is missed by more than 1 percentage point on either side i.e. if the annual rate of CPI inflation is more than 3% or less than 1% the Governor of the Bank must write an open letter to the Chancellor explaining the reasons why inflation has increased or fallen to such an extent and what the Bank proposes to do to ensure inflation comes back to the target. A target of 2% does not mean that inflation will be held at this rate constantly. That would be neither possible nor desirable. Interest rates would be changing all the time, and by large amounts, causing unnecessary uncertainty and volatility in the economy. Even then it would not be possible to keep inflation at 2% in each and every month. Instead, the MPCs aim is to set interest rates so that inflation can be brought back to target within a reasonable time period without creating undue instability in the economy. The Monetary Policy Committee The Bank seeks to meet the inflation target by setting an interest rate. The level of interest rates is decided by a special committee the Monetary Policy Committee. The MPC consists of nine members five from the Bank of England and four external members appointed by the Chancellor. It is chaired by the Governor of the Bank of England. The MPC meets monthly for a two-day meeting, usually on the Wednesday and Thursday after the first Monday of each month. Decisions are made by a vote of the Committee on a one-person one-vote basis. Communications The interest rate decision is announced at 12 noon on the second day. The minutes of the meetings, including a record of the vote, are published on the Wednesday of the second week after the meeting takes place. Each quarter, the Bank publishes its Inflation Report, which provides a detailed analysis of economic conditions and the prospects for economic growth and inflation agreed by the MPC. The Bank also publishes other material to increase awareness and understanding of its monetary policy function. Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) Interest rates are set by the Banks Monetary Policy Committee. The MPC sets an interest rate it judges will enable the inflation target to be met. The Banks Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is made up of nine members the Governor, the two Deputy Governors, the Banks Chief Economist, the Executive Director for Markets and four external members appointed directly by the Chancellor. The appointment of external members is designed to ensure that the MPC benefits from thinking and expertise in addition to that gained inside the Bank of England How Monetary Policy Works From interest rates to inflation When the Bank of England changes the official interest rate it is attempting to influence the overall level of expenditure in the economy. When the amount of money spent grows more quickly than the volume of output produced, inflation is the result. In this way, changes in interest rates are used to control inflation. The Bank of England sets an interest rate at which it lends to financial institutions. This interest rate then affects the whole range of interest rates set by commercial banks, building societies and other institutions for their own savers and borrowers. It also tends to affect the price of financial assets, such as bonds and shares, and the exchange rate, which affect consumer and business demand in a variety of ways. Lowering or raising interest rates affects spending in the economy. A reduction in interest rates makes saving less attractive and borrowing more attractive, which stimulates spending. Lower interest rates can affect consumers and firms cash-flow a fall in interest rates reduces the income from savings and the interest payments due on loans. Borrowers tend to spend more of any extra money they have than lenders, so the net effect of lower interest rates through this cash-flow channel is to encourage higher spending in aggregate. The opposite occurs when interest rates are increased. Lower interest rates can boost the prices of assets such as shares and houses. Higher house prices enable existing home owners to extend their mortgages in order to finance higher consumption. Higher share prices raise households wealth and can increase their willingness to spend. Changes in interest rates can also affect the exchange rate. An unexpected rise in the rate of interest in the UK relative to overseas would give investors a higher return on UK assets relative to their foreign-currency equivalents, tending to make sterling assets more attractive. That should raise the value of sterling, reduce the price of imports, and reduce demand for UK goods and services abroad. However, the impact of interest rates on the exchange rate is, unfortunately, seldom that predictable. Changes in spending feed through into output and, in turn, into employment. That can affect wage costs by changing the relative balance of demand and supply for workers. But it also influences wage bargainers expectations of inflation an important consideration for the eventual settlement. The impact on output and wages feeds through to producers costs and prices, and eventually consumer prices. Some of these influences can work more quickly than others. And the overall effect of monetary policy will be more rapid if it is credible. But, in general, there are time lags before changes in interest rates affect spending and saving decisions, and longer still before they affect consumer prices. We cannot be precise about the size or timing of all these channels. But the maximum effect on output is estimated to take up to about one year. And the maximum impact of a change in interest rates on consumer price inflation takes up to about two years. So interest rates have to be set based on judgments about what inflation might be the outlook over the coming few years not what it is today. Setting interest rates As banker to the Government and the banks, the Bank is able to forecast fairly accurately the pattern of money flows between the Governments accounts on one hand and the commercial banks on the other, and acts on a daily basis to smooth out the imbalances which arise. When more money flows from the banks to the Government than vice versa, the banks holdings of liquid assets are run down and the money market finds itself short of funds. When more money flows the other way, the market can be in cash surplus. In practice the pattern of Government and Bank operations usually results in a shortage of cash in the market each day. The Bank supplies the cash which the banking system as a whole needs to achieve balance by the end of each settlement day. Because the Bank is the final provider of cash to the system it can choose the interest rate at which it will provide these funds each day. The interest rate at which the Bank supplies these funds is quickly passed throughout the financial system, influencing interest rates for the whole economy. When the Bank changes its dealing rate, the commercial banks change their own base rates from which deposit and lending rates are calculated. Quantitative Easing In March 2009, the Monetary Policy Committee announced that, in addition to setting Bank Rate at 0.5%, it would start to inject money directly into the economy in order to meet the inflation target. The instrument of monetary policy shifted towards the quantity of money provided rather than its price (Bank Rate). But the objective of policy is unchanged to meet the inflation target of 2 per cent on the CPI measure of consumer prices. Influencing the quantity of money directly is essentially a different means of reaching the same end. Read more Significant reductions in Bank Rate have provided a large stimulus to the economy but as Bank Rate approaches zero, further reductions are likely to be less effective in terms of the impact on market interest rates, demand and inflation. And interest rates cannot be less than zero. The MPC therefore needs to provide further stimulus to support demand in the wider economy. If spending on goods and services is too low, inflation will fall below its target. The MPC boosts the supply of money by purchasing assets like Government and corporate bonds a policy often known as Quantitative Easing. Instead of lowering Bank Rate to increase the amount of money in the economy, the Bank supplies extra money directly. This does not involve printing more banknotes. Instead the Bank pays for these assets by creating money electronically and crediting the accounts of the companies it bought the assets from. This extra money supports more spending in the economy to bring future inflation back to the target

America and Size :: History Sociology Essays

America and Size Somewhere between the struggle for American independence and the first billion sales of the Big Mac, Americans became obsessed with size. From movies to sexuality, and from cars to cholesterol, super-sizing is an American trend that invades most of society. The reasons why are threefold, but primarily the American obsession with size is an extension of the frontier-mentality. The notion of the "American dream" and the tendency of Americans to try and find the best deal has also played an integral role. One of the most interesting aspects of Bigger is Better trend is the lack of academic work related to it; while there is no shortage of analysis on other common American fixations like aliens and Madonna. A lack of academic analysis does not mean that it cannot be analyzed, and it certainly doesn't mean that it isn't prevalent. One of the most obvious examples of a preoccupation with size in America comes from the Centers for Disease Control and the Mayo Clinic. According their records, there were about 678 million outpatient, non-emergency visits to doctor's offices in 1999, and approximately 2 million of those were consultations for cosmetic surgery, the most popular of which was breast augmentation. Of the 158 million outpatient procedures, at least 2 million were cosmetic breast augmentation. When this data is cross-referenced with health insurance coverage of cosmetic surgery (which is almost non-existent), it becomes apparent that the number of outpatient visits and surgeries would be higher if they were covered by medical insurance (Outpatient Surgery Statistical Abstract 11, 15, 16, 72). The convention of breast augmentation is a directly and explicitly observable tribute to the American mentality of bigger-is-better. Another manifestation involving physical appearance involves fingernail fashions. Vicki Vantoch of the Washington Post wrote "Fingernail Fashion Choices" on December 28th, 1999. She compares many of the fingernail fashions she encountered to chopsticks, and marveled at how one of the subjects, a Rite Aid cashier, managed counting money and bagging with "2 inch talons." She concluded, "we make fingernail fashion choices based on our cultural aesthetics, values, social classes and ideas about our roles in society." (Vantoch C04). Perhaps the value she refers to is the same one that won MorePenis.com (a site devoted to products that claim to increase penis-size) millions of unique hits since it's 1999 inception (Marquee West). Just like the early Americans who explored the vast untamed wilderness of the west, modern Americans have given a whole new meaning to the Monroe Doctrine by expanding their own borders with larger breasts, longer fingernails and bigger penises.

Case Study of Marks and Spencer Essay

Introduction Marks and Spencer is one amongst the main retailers in kingdom managing over 600 stores and handling many workers. At present, the corporate is that the leading supplier of women’s wear and nightclothes within the UK. Within the space of different attire, these have incurred a substantial quantity of growth. The corporate additionally provides for food retail. This report has been based on strategic planning of Marks and Spencer. TASK 1: 1.1. Explain the importance of external factor affecting an organization to begin your report describe how you should use SWOT and STEEP analysis to explain the current context of an organization in your chosen case study. SWOT Analysis: SWOT analysis is that the analysis that helps organization to search out the position of their whole and also the image of product within the current market they’re in operation this analysis helps to search out the subsequent points of the organization within the market (Henry, 2008): Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threat If we tend to do a similar analysis in Marks and Spencer than following would be the results of the analysis in keeping with the on top of strategic examples: Opportunities: Below are the opportunities for Marks and Spencer on which it can capitalize its strengths: Enter in new market with the prevailing product however with glorious worth. Marks and Spencer can enter in emerging markets such as India and China to avail the opportunities of growth in these markets. Become a preferred fashion supplier with inexperienced thinking till 2012. Fashion industry has potential of growth in future. Marks and Spencer can avail this opportunity by expanding its store networks. Threat: Below are the threats available to M&S: Change in fashion merchandise and clothes by competitors frequently can impact the market share of Marks and Spencer. Change in polices of government in terms of financial policies that might impact the borrowing power of M&S. Increasing competition in the market has forced the company to be competitive in cost. Because of intense market competition, Marks and Spencer can face decrease in its market share. Because of increase in inflation, buying power of customers is decreasing. This can impact the market share of company at large scale. Political Analysis The government of kingdom encourages commerce in its territory. This can be primarily seen within the varied corporations that originate from completely different components of kingdom. It’s sometimes standard that any variety of trade is authorized within the aforementioned region on condition that it’s not contrary to public policy, public order, or any existing laws applicable in kingdom. This can be inspired with the membership of kingdom in commerce blocs just like the Common Market and international trade organizations like the globe Trade Organization (Daft, 2010). Economic Analysis The UK is among the centres of commerce in Europe as an entire. Shoppers aren’t restricted to the native voters as a considerable amount of travellers congregate on the streets of its urban areas on a continual basis. This can be correspondingly correct within the context of the retail  business, specifically within the neck of the woods of classy articles like fashion and attire (Collier, 2004). The client base has the propensity to involve many sorts of wear betting on the prevailing variety of weather of the realm. Technological Analysis A lot of people in United Kingdom are capable of accessing within the net. This intimates that variety of the businesses square measure able to maximize of their operations and broaden by using e-commerce initiatives. This is often primarily seen in foremost retail organizations like Tesco. Hence, on-line promoting and buys created within the course of cyberspace is popping intent on be one amongst the competitive blessings no inheritable by the leading retail organizations in UK. 1.2. Describe how the need and expectation of stake holder here influenced the strategic decision of the business selected in the case study Stakeholders have different expectations from the organizations. Future strategic plans of the company can impact the expectations of its stakeholders and vice versa. Following are the expectations of stakeholders of Marks and Spencer regarding strategic decisions of business: Shareholders: They are the individuals who have invested in the company. The shareholders of Marks and Spencer expect high return on investment from the strategic decisions taken by management. Employees: The employees of Marks and Spencer expect job security and high salaries. In addition to this, the employees of Marks and Spencer also expect assurance of a developing working environment through strategic decisions. Customers: They are very important stakeholder of Marks and Spencer. They demand that strategic decisions of company offer hem quality product and services at their convenience while maintaining price at affordable range. Community: The community is also an important stakeholder of Marks and Spencer. It demands that the Marks and Spencer must contribute towards it through its strategic decisions in terms of sustainable practices. 1.3. Explain the changes in the external environment in the case study example that have happened so far. The STEEP analysis of Marks and Spencer is effective to analyse the external environment of the company. The STEEP analysis of Marks and Spencer is as follows: Political Factors: Within the case of Marks and Spencer, one amongst the additional worrying political elementary parts that they need to modify is that the issue of labour regime  and preservation of commercial relationship. Years ago, the event makes an attempt sought-after by the organization are restricted by many encroachments of worker rights that primarily are against labour laws not solely within their operations in the domestic level however additionally in their international endeavours (Marr, 2006). This can be significantly correct in their French operations whereas the organization was charged of grave abuse and breaking of celebrated labour laws. Economic Factors: Increasing inflation has impacted the market share of the company. The analysis of economic factors has shown that the buying power of customers is decreasing because of increasing inflation. In addition to this, increasing competition and slow growth of the industry has impacted the market share of company. In the last 25 years, market share of Marks and Spencer has declined from 14.8% to 10.8% (Zoe, 2012) Social Factors: In the framework of social and cultural aspects of the setting, the regular United Kingdom has the tendency to be extremely loyal to a selected whole. The quality of quality of the merchandise is imperative in each deal however may effortlessly be defeated by a fairly competitive valuation strategy from an opposing whole. Current observations equally indicate that predilection on trendy designs over the classics looks to indicate among the United Kingdom shoppers. Technological Factors: Increasing technological advancement in the industry has impacted the efficiency of the processes. Decrease in cost can be achieved through effect ive use of technology. The industry analysis shows that Marks and Spencer has not been efficient to respond to technological advancements. TASK 2: 2.1. Explain the effects of its current business plans on your organization. The Vision and Mission of Marks and Spencer The company seeks to grow into a world category distributor. Marks and Spencer intends to attain this by specializing in 5 key growth areas: A. the corporate seeks to still invest in and grow its core retail business by introducing new merchandise and services B. the corporate seeks to strengthen its property portfolio. C. the corporate seeks to boost on its M&S Direct business D. the corporate seeks to expand on their international business E. the  corporate seeks to integrate â€Å"green† operations in doing business by incorporating their â€Å"Plan A.† The current business portfolio of Marks and Spencer can be accessed through BCG Matrix. BCG Matrix suggests that it is good in terms of clothing and has position of stars on the BCG matrix. However, in food market, the position of Marks and Spencer is at question mark. This is because market share of Marks and Spencer in food market is very low. The industry growth in fashion market of United Kingdom is also show which suggests that the position of Marks and Spencer is moving towards dogs. With substantial inflow of capital and differentiation of products and services, Marks and Spencer can take position of stars on BCG Matrix. 2.2. Review the organization present position on the market place, and consider especially its customer base, and more generally its rivals. Marks and Spencer have robust weapon in trade: very robust name. This implies that their whole is related to factors like category and quality. Another department that the corporate hold is seen in its prosperous history in mercantilism. At some stage in the years of its functions, it’s obtained an honest range of amenities that function moneymaking institutions for Marks and Spencer. Alongside this history is that the continuation of established partners and alliances that has been obtained by means that of over a century of business. Among the most flaws of the corporate square measure 1st and foremost perceptible in its management. Specially, a match involving the arrangement of the corporate, the character of its trade, and therefore the authentic management approaches has nonetheless to be established. Moreover, being a performing artist within the competitive business of retail, an organization should own active promoting talents (Michael, 2009). However, it seems that Marks and Spencer has been insulation in terms of selling enhancements like loyalty cards and operation of customer-focused functions. The market share of Marks and Spencer has been declining in the market of United Kingdom. In the past year i.e.2011, the market share of Marks and Spencer has decreased from 10.9% to 10.4% because of intense competition and shortage of purchases (Zoe, 2012). In 1989, the market share of Marks and Spencer was 14.8% in the United Kingdom which has decreased in the 25 years because of increasing competition in the market (Zoe, 2012). The strategic plans of Marks and Spencer have played important role in this regard. The strategic plans of the competitors have worked effectively and  increased their market share. For instance, the market share of Next (competitor of Marks and Spencer) has risen from 1.5% to 7.5% in the same period (Zoe, 2012). Therefore, the biggest reason behind decline in market share of Marks and Spencer is its strategic plans (Zoe, 2012). 2.3. Evaluate the competitive strength and weakness of your organization current business strategies. Strengths: Reputation: Marks and Spencer is the famous brand in the United Kingdom. Strong image of brand is the major strength of the company that attracts customers. Online Shopping: Marks and Spencer allows customers to purchase through internet. Online shopping allows convenience to customers and contributes in strong position of the company. Weaknesses: Slow to change: Marks and Spencer is slow in its response towards changes in customer trends and preferences. The competitors of Marks and Spencer can take advantage of this weakness of the company by responding quickly to market changes. Lack of newness: the products and services of Marks and Spencer are not innovative and creative. Competitive worth: Low creativity, innovativeness and response to changes in environment have reduced the competitive worth of Marks and Spencer. Shortage of Suppliers: Marks and Spencer does not have wide choices of suppliers. In this way, the company is weak in its buying power. Task 3: 3.1. Suggest strategic option for M&S The strategic options for Marks and Spencer can be determined through effective analysis of industry and competitor moves. The ANSOFF Matrix can be effective tool for suggesting strategic options for Marks and Spencer. The ANSOFF Matrix for Marks and Spencer is as follows: Market penetration: This is the strategy through which existing products are pushed in the existing market. Market Development: This is the strategy through which new markets are searched for the existing products of the company. Product Development: This is the strategy through which new products are developed for the existing markets of the company Diversification: This is the strategy through which new products can be developed for new markets of Marks and Spencer. Marks and Spencer can implement this strategy by adding  differentiation factor in its products and pushing new products in new markets. The above strategies are effective for the Marks and Spencer to increase its market share in the United Kingdom. The company has strong capabilities which can be incorporated in the strategic plans of the company in an effective way to achieve its aims and objectives. 3.2. Describe the activity of business rivals which compete with your organizations and assess the impact of such an activity on it. The competitors of M&S are identified as departmental stores, small local retailers and supermarkets. In more specific form, the competitors of M&S are Debenhams, House of Fraser and BHS. Moreover, Tesco and Sainsbury have also been giving competition to it to some extent. The competitors of M&S are using model of shop within a shop. They have been focussing on the expansion of their businesses across United Kingdom. Tesco has adopted a policy of offering huge price cuts to customers for increasing its sales volume. In 2012, it has showered customers with price cut offers. These extensive discounts offered by Tesco (Wallop, 2012) may impact the business of M&S because customers tend to buy the products that are priced low. In this way a substantial customer population of M&S may shift towards Tesco. This may result in decrease in market share of M&S. 3.3. Returning to your suggestions (3.1) for strategic option, how would you develop them further in light of this competition? In relation to the competition, expansion strategy can be very effective for Marks and Spencer. As competitors are expanding business across the geographical boundaries in order to increase their market shares, Marks and Spencer can also excel in the market by adoption investment strategies. In real terms, this can be done by saving cost through cost leadership strategy. By adopting cost leadership strategy, Marks and Spencer can save cost and invest it for expanding its operations. Cost Leadership Strategy Cost leadership strategy may be a strategy during which company offers low price with prime quality to the shoppers. Company will sale its product at average costs of trade so as to realize high profits. The second chance is that company sells its product at lower costs than the trade costs. The concept behind this idea is to draw in higher market share. By getting price advantage firms will get competitive advantage within the market. Price leadership strategy will be adopted by raising the processes of business so  inefficiencies will be aloof from the business (Pearson, 2009). Differentiation Strategy Differentiation may be a strategy that enables firms to supply distinctive merchandise or services that have price to the shoppers. The distinctiveness in merchandise or services should not be offered by the competitors. All the promoting methods aim to induce differentiation. Differentiation is that the prime supply of competitive advantage for firms (Porter, 1980). The differentiation strategy permits firms to draw in customers at higher costs. Differentiation strategy permits firms to charge high costs to the shoppers so as to supply distinctive merchandise and services to them. Promoting methods are designed so as to draw in customers and to supply individuality to the shoppers. Focus group strategy This dimension is not a separate strategy in and of it, but describes the scope over that the company need to contend supported worth leadership or differentiation. The firm can worth additional extremely to contend at intervals the mass market (like Wal-Mart) with a broad scope, or in focused market section with a slim scope. In either case, the concept of competition will still be either cost leadership or differentiation (Michael, 2005). Market Development This strategy involves investment in different markets and innovation. It is only the difficult times when businesses get a chance to alter and revise their current strategies and implement new ones. Apart from this, most companies may lack proper resources to implement a proper business strategy or they might just make temporary changes in their market structure and less attention to product innovation. This reduces the chances of an investment strategy to be successful. TASK 4: 4.1. Now shape these suggestions into a coherent business plan, and indicate how the structure of the plan needs to be developed with participation of relevant stakeholder. Suppliers  Suppliers are called key stake holder of any organization. Particularly in Marks and Spencer they need an excellent influence and that they hold the  talk’s power that’s why any new strategic policy might have an effect on them, thus once M&S have new strategy or changes within the organization they need to recognize and discuss its connected contents with their suppliers (Smit, 2003). The suppliers of the company can be involved in the strategic plans by developing partnerships with them so that consistent supply of quality materials can be ensured with cost effective buying. Customers: Customer are key stake holder of any organization as a result of they hold the money within the stores of any company and have the facility to spend it wherever ever they require, that the policies of the corporate ought to be kind within the means that defend the interest of consumers (Burns, 2009). The new strategic plans of the company must involve customers through effective marketing strategies. Employees: In any organization particularly if we tend to took an example of M&S they need managers with the expertise of six to seven years and that they are perpetually operating in a very same setting with loyalty and progressing with the nice name, thus it’s important to require additional care of workers whereas doing strategic planning for organization. The higher than division of stake holders with their level of interest and power shows the result they may create within the strategic planning. 4.2. Describe appropriate criteria for reviewing potential options for the proposed strategic plan. The criteria selected for the evaluation and monitoring of proposed plan is as follows: Suitability: This factors refers that whether the overall project is worthwhile and rational or not. The proposed plan for Marks and Spencer will be evaluated that whether the strategy addresses the mission of the company or not. Moreover, this factor also assesses the effectiveness of the proposed plan of the Marks and Spencer from economic point of view. SWOT analysis of the company is conducted to address this factor. Feasibility: This factor refers to the idea that whether the company has enough economic resources for achieving the aims of proposed plan. The resources included in this regard are market access, people capital and expertise. Through cash flow, forecasting, resource deployment analysis and break even analysis will be used for evaluating the worthiness  of the proposed plan. Acceptability: This refers to the idea that stakeholders of the company have agreed with the strategic aims of the proposed plan. The financial and nonfinancial outcomes of the proposed plan of Marks and Spencer are accessed through this factor. The employees would have concern about the nonfinancial outcomes of the proposed plan such as about working conditions. 4.3. Describe how the plan includes an assessment of the resources required to implement the plan. The strategic plan of any organization needs to be reviewed on regular basis so that its results can be measured against set objectives. In order to implement the strategic plan, resources are required (Marr, 2006). Marks and Spencer needs to assess its following resources for effective implementation of strategies plan: Financial resources: Marks and Spencer has strong financial resources in the form of capital and store networks. It is a listed company having plenty of funds available for expanding its operations and improving current business practices. Human resources: In more than 300 stores of Marks and Spencer, huge workforce is present which is qualified and efficient and has potential for achieving financial returns for the company. TASK 5: 5.1. Compare the core values of the organizational against its current business objectives. The core values of M&S include quality, innovation, customer values and commitment. In addition, M&S believes that it is a trusted retailer and has a strong heritage of highly qualified and efficient employees. Moreover, engagement and involvement of employees in the business objectives is also preferred by the M&S. The objectives of the M&S include providing quality products with high innovation. Moreover, the organization also has aim to provide customer each time a new product. In this regard, the core values i.e. innovation and quality provision are highly related with the organizational values. In order to produce innovation in the product, the employees are encouraged and involved in the organizational processes and designs. In this way, it is said that the organizational values and objectives of M&S are aligned with each other. 5.2. Develop these values into a vision of the organization and suggest a mission statement that expresses these values. The core values of Marks and Spencer are stated in following vision: â€Å"To be the best brand against which all other competitors are measured† The mission statement of the Marks and  Spencer is as follow: â€Å"To provide quality products to customers while increasing market share† 5.3. Describe how this vision can combine with the business objectives of the strategic plan, so that an inspiring vision of the future of the business can involve all relevant stakeholders. The vision of the organization is to provide the best brand to customers in comparison with the competitor’s products and brands. On the other hand, the organizational objectives include providing high quality innovative products and services to customers. The inspiring vision of providing high quality and innovative products has been effectively distributed and transformed into organizational objectives. The employees at the lower end are aware of the organization vision because they are given appropriate environment to produce innovations and creativity in the products. In the strategic plan, the organizational objectives and vision is combined to produce high quality and innovative products. In future, the strategic plan will provide highly effective because it has involved the all relevant stakeholders of the organization. The employees are involved in the strategic plan to produce creativity and innovation in the products. The customers are involved in a sense that they are provided high quality and new product products. Through innovation and quality in products, the sales and market share of the company may increase. This may result in high profitability of the organization which will ultimately contribute positively to the shareholders of the M&S. 5.4. Develop measure for evaluating your strategic plan. In order to evaluate the strategic plan, following measures are developed: Ongoing monitoring: The objectives of the strategic plans are continuously monitored on the basis of the objectives. The ongoing and completed objectives will be monitored that whether the strategic plan is implanted effectively or not. For the ongoing objectives, suggestions or appropriate actions will be taken to lead the overall strategic plan to appropriate accomplishment. The achievements of the plan objectives will be measured on regular basis. Qualitative and quantitative measures will be adopted for evaluating the strategic plan. TASK 6: 6.1. Develop a schedule for implementing a strategy plan in an organization. Formulating a timetable permits the corporate to possess a close map of the  strategy. Within the case of Marks and Spencer, the creation of a timetable permits them to understand the vision of the corporate by specifically pinpointing actions required to for its implementation. A timetable permits the corporate to possess a transparent cut and elaborate define of the events. This is often additionally an honest tool to live whether or not or not the corporate is moving forward or not. The schedule for the implementation of plan is as follows: First Year: The research and development activities will be effectively developed to introduce the innovation and creativity in the organization. The customer traffic will be improved through offering innovative and quality products. Second Year: The market share will be improved through offering long term benefits to customers. The customer loyalty cards will be used for building customer loyalty for the organization. Third Year: Finally, in the third year the company will tend to expand its market to areas where it has not shown its presence. New stores will be opened by the organization. 6.2. Describe system of information dissemination most likely to inspire stakeholder’s commitment to the plan. Communication regarding strategic plans can be of two types (John, 2010): Proactive communication Reactive communication In this particular case, proactive communication mechanism needs to be implemented. Before implementing plan, all stakeholders must be communicated for getting their suggestions regarding strategic plan. This will not only build trust among stakeholders but also enhances chances of effective implementation of strategic plan. Through continuous reporting and meetings, shareholders will be informed about the strategic plans of the company. The shareholders of the company will be involved as active part of the company so that they can get satisfaction regarding policies of management. The suppliers and customers will also be kept informed through reporting. The customers will be informed about the new offers of company through advertisements and marketing tactics. In this way, Marks and Spencer will be using both types of communication strategies in Marks and Spencer. Before the implementation of plans, the shareholders and employees will be taken into confidence. On the other hand, after significant achievements, they will be informed through reactive communication strategy. 6.3. Describe  system that will continually monitor and evaluate how your strategic plan is implemented, one that anticipates future opportunities as well potential problem. The system for evaluation and monitoring of the strategic plan must include wide range of data. The company needs to collect data from several resources regarding the progress of the plan. After data collection, results must be measured against SMART objectives designed for the plan. In order to counter with potential problems, Marks and Spencer needs to implement a culture of innovation. Management by Objective tool will be used by Marks and Spencer for the monitoring of proposed strategic plan. Management by Objective is the way through which objectives will be defined by the management and employees of Marks and Spencer in accordance with the strategic objectives of the organization (Daft, 2010). Employees will be given clear understanding of the aims and objectives of the company. Through following way, this plan will be implemented in the company: Setting Objectives: In the first step, objectives are set by engaging supervisors and employees in a coordinated way Developing plans: In the next step, plans are developed for the achievement of strategic objectives of Marks and Spencer. Periodic Reviews: On periodic basis, evaluation will be made regarding achievement of strategic objectives. The performance of all objectives will be assessed through effective implementation of plans. Performance Appraisal: Lastly, the performance of employees will be appraised against the set objectives. This step will be effective for granting rewards and promotions to employees. Effective appraisal system will help the management of Marks and Spencer to motivate its employees in an effective way. References Michael A. Hitt, R. Duane Ireland, Robert E. Hoskisson, 2009, Strategic Management: Competitiveness and Globalization : Cases, Daft, J. Murphy, H. Willmott, 2010. Organization theory and design, 10th Ed. Porter, M.E., 1980, â€Å"Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors† New York: The Free Press Smit, E. and Morgan, N. I. 2003. Contemporary Issues in Strategic Management. Kagisho Publishers: Cape Town Collier, N. 2004. Marks and Spencer. Cranfield School of Management Marr, B. 2006. Strategic Performance Management: Leveraging and Measuring your Intangible Value Drivers. Elsevier Burns, B. 2009. Managing Change. 5th Edition, Prentice Hall Marr, B. 2006. Strategic Performance Management: Leveraging and Measuring your Intangible Value Drivers. Elsevier Pearson, G. 1999, Strategy in Action, Prentice Hall Financial Times. Zoe, 2012. M&S loses further ground in battle for vital womenswear market, The Guardian. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/jun/08/marksspencer-retail Daft, 2010. Management International. Illustrated. Cengage Learning EMEA John, 2010. Management. Ed. 11th . John Wiley & Sons Wallop. (2012). Tesco sales improve as discounts draw in shoppers. Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/9121175/Tesco-sales-improve-as-discounts-draw-in-shoppers.html Retrieved on: 20th May, 2013

Building a Marketing Budget How much is too much or too little

Building a Marketing Budget How much is too much or too little Often, I’m asked The reason behind the research is two-fold. One, it allows you to know the cost needed to reach your intended audience. Two, should you need to cut your budget, you can make an informed decision. One marketing piece every writer should have is a website. It’s a must! Aside from a website and the costs for keeping it reliably hosted, you may also want to consider researching the costs for the following: Advertisement placement (print, digital, or both) Advertisement creation Listing in BookBub, if book is free or discounted. Contest prizes for readers Author photos Travel Book Trailers Book release parties Freelance publicity (publicist) services Virtual assistant fees Promotional items (bookmarks, pens, giveaways, et al) Social Media (boosting posts, sponsored tweets, advertising) Fan club/ Street team rewards and supplies Mailing/Shipping A rule of thumb when building a budget is to research all of the costs for the above items you intend to use. Add them together. Then add an additional 20 percent to the total. The added percentage will allow for and offset unexpected expenditures. Researching any and all free places to promote is to your advantage and can help you defer money to other line items in your marketing budget. Some ideas for free promotion are: Create a hashtag on Twitter for your book Upload a chapter of your book to Wattpad Encourage friends, fans and readers to post reviews online Leave your book name/website address on all voicemail and email messages Offer to   meet with book clubs via Skype Solicit radio show interviews Create and submit press releases to local newspapers Celebrate your release with a Facebook party (ask fellow authors to join in) Submit articles to writers’ associations Submit for a listing on addictedtoebooks.com If this book is currently available for free, submit the book to be featured on Free Book Friday and/ or fill out the submission form for a free listing on Digital Book Today. No matter which promotional efforts you choose to promote your book, try to focus on discoverability rather than sales. When readers discover you, read your work and like it, they are more apt to tell their friends there

Speech on Environmental Issues Today Research Paper Example

Speech on Environmental Issues Today Research Paper Example Speech on Environmental Issues Today Paper Speech on Environmental Issues Today Paper Albert Einstein said Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. Our planet is in trouble! Pretty much everywhere you look today you will hear or see something reminding you that our planets health is failing. If our planet where a person it would be about time to buy the burial plot and write out the last will and testament. Just a brief list of the things that is ailing her is pollution, acid rain, climate change, the destruction of rainforests and other wild habitats, the decline and extinction of thousands of pieces of animals and plants. ND so on. Think everyone in here can agree that all Of these issues exist and that humans have caused them. Thankfully many of us are concerned about the future of our planet and unless we can find a way of solving the problems then the environment will suffer. Know this all sounds so depressing but we cant get overwhelmed. Every one of us can do something to help slow down and reverse some of the damage. We cannot leave the problem-solving entirely to the experts we all have a responsibility to our environment. We must learn to live in way that will sustain our world like learn to use our natural resources which include air, freshwater, forests, wildlife, farmland and seas without damaging them. As populations expand and lifestyles change, we have to keep the world in a condition so that future generations will have the same natural resources that we have today. Here I am going to list just a few examples of the threats to our environment as well as some ideas to help you to do something about them. Waste We humans create a lot of trash! Between 1992 and 2008 household waste increased by 16% and we now produce just under half a ton per person each year. Most of this trash is hauled away by the garbage man and buried in a huge landfill or it is burned. Both of these options are harmful in their own way. Is all our trash really trash? If you think about it, a lot of what we throw away could be used again. It makes sense to reuse and recycle our trash instead of just trying to solve the problem of where to put it! Much of our waste is made up of glass, metal, plastic and paper. Our natural resources such as trees, oil, coal and aluminum are used up in enormous amounts to aka these products and the resources will one day be completely used up. So in order to cut down on the energy used lets reuse. What can you do? * Sort out your trash. Organic matter (e. G. Potato peelings, left over food, tea leaves etc. ) can be put in to a compost heap in the garden and used as a good, natural fertilizer for the plants. Aluminum cans, glass bottles and newspapers are often collected from our doorsteps, but other items such as plastic bottles, juice cartons and cardboard may not be, in which case they can be taken to nearby recycling banks. You can find out where they are by just searching on line. * Use recycled paper to help save trees. Chlorine bleach is usually used to make newspapers and this pollutes rivers. Its better to use unbleached, recycled paper whenever you can. * Take your old clothes to charity shops. Some are sold, others are returned to textile mills for recycling. * Try to avoid buying plastic. Its hard to recycle. One way to cut down on plastic is to refuse to use plastic bags offered by supermarkets and use cloth re-useable shopping bags instead, or re-use plastic bags over and over again, until they Wear Out and then recycle them. Pollution The air, water and soil of habitats all over the world have been, and are being polluted in many different ways. This pollution affects the health of living things. Air is damaged by vehicle emissions, and power stations create acid rain which destroys entire forests and lakes. When fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal are burned to provide energy for lighting, cooking etc. They create polluting gases. Oils spills pollute sea water and kill marine life; chemical waste from factories and sewage, and artificial fertilizers from farmland, pollute river water, killing lilied and spreading disease. What can be done? * Dont litter. Use less energy by switching off lights when rooms are not in use, not wasting hot water, not overheating rooms. * Use a bicycle or walk instead of using a car when you can. Or radishes, and use the HOVE lane. * If you spot pollution, such as oil on the beach, report it. If you suspect a stream is polluted, report it to the local EPA office.. * Organic foods are produced without the use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, preventing these pollutants from contaminating habitats and entering the food chain. So it may cost a little more but it is better for you and for the environment The Greenhouse Effect Certain gases in the atmosphere, mainly carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorocarbons, act like the glass in a greenhouse, allowing sunlight through to heat the Earths surface but trapping some of the heat as it radiates back into space. Without this the Earth would be frozen and lifeless. However, due to the Human Effect ,greenhouse gases are building up in the atmosphere, causing a greater amount of heat to be reflected back to Earth. This results in an increase in average world temperatures and is already causing more droughts, flooding and extreme weather conditions such as hurricanes which we have all seen on the news. Some ways to Help * Dont waste electricity or heat. Electricity and heating are produced by burning coal, oil and gas and this action gives off carbon dioxide. The more We use the more We pollute. * Car fumes produce carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide so try to cut down on car trips if possible. Use a bike or walk its good exercise for you too! * Recycle as much of your waste as you can. Methane, the most effective greenhouse gas, is released into the air as the rash in landfill sites rots. Now I realize we cant all live on a farm and grow our own food and all drive smart cars. We Texans normally cant walk or take a bike places because everything is so far away. My dream job has always been one that I could ride a bike to, that sounds funny but every little bit helps. Some other things I did were to change out all of my light bulbs with energy efficient ones, and reinstated my house. This and other things save me money but they also save the environment. Let me leave you with one last thing: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!